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Sound reinforcement system of cinema

2020-12-04 08:29:07

With the comprehensive development of economy and society, the continuous improvement of material living standards, the people's awareness of cultural rights and interests, consumption ability and appreciation level continue to improve, the spiritual and cultural needs present distinctive characteristics of multi-faceted, multi-level and diversified, and the spiritual and cultural needs also grow rapidly. Remember the open-air movie we saw 20 or 30 years ago? Thirty years ago, people were very satisfied to see open-air movies, because film screening was a rare form of entertainment at that time. Now it's much easier to watch movies, and there are more requirements for watching movies. There should be rich film sources, higher film quality, and better service and experience, even more interaction. Therefore, the development of cinema from the initial outdoor film to digital cinema, and even to smart home cinema, undoubtedly shows that the cinema is developing rapidly and the mode is constantly updated.



Modern cinema sound reinforcement, in addition to considering the ability to restore the sound, so that the audience can hear, hear clearly, but also need to consider the sense of scene and atmosphere, so that the audience immerse. Therefore, there are 5.1 channel sound reinforcement, 7.1 channel sound reinforcement, and even panoramic sound reinforcement. Each channel performs its own duties, which can more truly restore the content of the film, so that the audience has a more perfect experience with a sense of the scene.Speaking of this, what are 5.1 channel, 7.1 channel and panoramic sound reinforcement?

 

5.1 channel sound reinforcement in cinema


5.1 channel system includes decoding system and 5.1 channel output system. The source is decoded by a professional 5.1 channel decoder. The 5.1 output system outputs 6 channels of sound, namely 1 central channel, 2 front channels (left and right), 2 surround channels (left and right), and "0.1" bass channels. A total of at least 6 speakers can be connected, and each channel audio output can be connected to multiple speakers to complete the corresponding audio output target.



The central channel is mainly responsible for replaying the dialogue of the characters; the front main left / right channel is used to make up for the actions and other sounds outside the center of the screen or not visible from the screen; the surround speaker is responsible for the peripheral and the whole background music, which makes people feel in the center of the whole scene, such as the shock of galloping horses in the film, the effect of airplanes flying overhead, etc The subwoofer is responsible for the sound of motors, bombers or drums.


Why is it called 5.1 channel? Because five of the six channel outputs are full frequency (including front main left / right speaker, center speaker and left / right surround speaker), one bass channel only covers the low frequency range (the ratio of audible frequency is very small), but it is not a complete frequency range, so it is called 0.1.


7.1 channel sound reinforcement in cinema


The concept of 7.1 channel includes seven full frequency channels and one ultra-low channel. Seven full frequency channels include left channel, center channel, right channel, left rear surround channel, right rear surround channel, 1 ultra-low frequency channel (0.1 channel) and 2 mid field surround channels. That is to say, on the basis of 5.1 channel, two midfield surround channels are added.



 

The surround sound box is mainly based on the surrounding sound, which can simulate the surround sound effect in the movie scene; it can effectively set off the atmosphere and increase the whole detail experience of the whole viewing process. The function of 7.1 channel system is to establish a relatively balanced sound field around the listener. Different from the 5.1 channel sound field, it adds a middle field surround sound field channel on the original basis. The function of the two-way middle field surround sound field is to prevent the audience from hearing deviation because they are not sitting in the emperor's seat, so as to make the sound field more three-dimensional A sense of humor. Therefore, the relationship between sound field and image position created by the left and right midfield surround speakers is a more advanced configuration in the field of home theater.


Sound reinforcement of panoramic sound cinema


Dolby panoramic sound breaks through the traditional concept of 5.1 and 7.1 channels, and can combine the film content to present dynamic sound effect. Different from the previous one-way audio signal controlling the same sound from one speaker in the cinema, it can make multiple speakers on one side make different sounds one by one, creating a more realistic sound effect from far to near and from small to large; with the addition of speakers on the ceiling, the sound field is surrounded, showing more sound details and improving the audience's viewing experience.



In the past decades, due to the horizontal dimension, sound design has not been able to find a breakthrough to design a better sound environment. At the same time, the display technology has undergone tremendous changes. 3D and 4K have greatly improved the immersion of viewing. The disconnection between sound and picture is becoming more and more serious, especially in 3D movies, when the picture reaches the audience, the sound is still far away. The traditional 5.1 or 7.1 surround sound is obviously unable to meet the new needs, so it promotes the development of 3D sound effect, that is, panoramic sound to a certain extent.


Panoramic sound is a new way of mixing and sound orientation, which combines dynamic objects and playing channels. It can play the scene effect closest to the performance in the shadow in any environment and different speaker configurations. In addition to making multiple speakers on one side make different sounds one by one, truly creating sound effects from far to near and from small to large, it can also "focus" the sound, allowing some sounds to float above other sounds and swim freely, creating a real sense of encirclement, releasing the potential of the storyline expressed by the sound, and realizing an unparalleled cinema audio experience .


A good sound reinforcement system is inseparable from every link in the sound chain. No matter what kind of theater sound reinforcement mode, it is based on good film source and corresponding professional decoder. Without corresponding film source and decoder, it is meaningless to simply design 5.1, 7.1 and other output systems.


Next: RS Audio2021-12-02 19:27:27

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